Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme critical for cellular energy metabolism that declines with age. NAD+ precursors like NMN and NR are studied as longevity interventions.

Mechanistic target of rapamycin, a key nutrient-sensing pathway that regulates cell growth and aging. Inhibiting mTOR (e.g., with rapamycin) has shown lifespan extension in multiple organisms.

A class of drugs that selectively eliminate senescent (aged, dysfunctional) cells to reduce inflammation and improve tissue function.

What is Epigenetic clock?

A biomarker based on DNA methylation patterns that estimates biological age, often more predictive of health outcomes than chronological age.

The period of life spent in good health, free from chronic diseases and disability associated with aging.

An immunosuppressant drug that inhibits the mTOR pathway. Research shows rapamycin may extend lifespan and improve age-related health outcomes in multiple species.

What is Biological age?

A measure of how well or poorly your body is functioning relative to your chronological age, assessed through biomarkers such as DNA methylation, telomere length, and blood panels.

What is Caloric restriction?

A dietary regimen that reduces calorie intake without malnutrition. Caloric restriction is one of the most studied interventions shown to extend lifespan across species.

Protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division. Telomere length is associated with aging and age-related diseases.

A state in which cells permanently stop dividing but resist death, accumulating with age and secreting inflammatory factors that damage surrounding tissue.

A second-generation epigenetic clock that predicts time to death and is considered one of the most accurate measures of biological aging.

What is Inflammaging?

Chronic, low-grade inflammation that increases with age and contributes to the development of age-related diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegeneration.

The large-scale study of proteins in biological systems. In longevity research, proteomics identifies blood protein signatures that predict biological age and disease risk.

What is Yamanaka factors?

A set of four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) that can reprogram adult cells to a pluripotent state. Partial reprogramming with Yamanaka factors is being explored to reverse cellular aging.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide, a precursor to NAD+ that is widely studied as a supplement to boost cellular energy and combat age-related decline.

A gene-editing technology that allows precise modifications to DNA. In longevity research, CRISPR is used to study and potentially modify genes associated with aging.

A cellular housekeeping process where cells break down and recycle damaged components. Declines with age and is stimulated by fasting.

What is Intermittent fasting?

An eating pattern that cycles between periods of fasting and eating. Various protocols (16:8, 5:2) are studied for metabolic, cardiovascular, and longevity benefits.

What is Zone 2 cardio?

Low-intensity aerobic exercise performed at roughly 60–70% of maximum heart rate, primarily using the aerobic energy system. Associated with mitochondrial health and longevity.

Geographic regions identified by researchers where people consistently live longer and healthier lives than average, including Sardinia, Okinawa, and Loma Linda.

Could a new ALS treatment change lives?

Clene has received encouraging feedback from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regarding its potential new treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The FDA indicated that the data from Clene’s research could support an application for accelerated approval of their drug, CNM-Au8, based on a specific biomarker known as neurofilament light (NfL). This biomarker may serve as a reliable indicator of the drug’s effectiveness in treating ALS, a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects muscle control and movement.

This news is significant for anyone concerned about ALS or looking for advancements in treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. If approved, CNM-Au8 could potentially help slow the progression of ALS by improving mitochondrial function, which is crucial for energy production in cells. Clene plans to submit its New Drug Application in 2026, supported by data from various clinical trials, including the Phase 2 HEALEY ALS Platform Trial. These trials aim to establish a clear link between NfL reductions and real clinical benefits for patients.

While this development is promising, it’s important to note that the research is still in the early stages. The FDA has requested additional evidence to confirm that changes in the NfL biomarker will translate into tangible health benefits for people with ALS. Clene also plans to begin a Phase 3 study in early 2027 to further validate the drug’s effectiveness. For now, those interested in ALS treatments should stay informed about ongoing research and clinical trials that could lead to new options in the future.

Source: longevity.technology